TERMOS INTEGRANTES DA ORAÇÃO

Leia este trecho do conto do escritor mineiro Luiz Ruffato e faça as atividades 1 e 2.

O ataque 

De manhãzinha, o despertador. Minha mãe levantou, pegou uma vasilha dentro do armário, escancarou a porta da cozinha, abriu a torneira do tanque-de-lavar-roupa, encheu a leiteira de água, depositou-a na trempe, pousou açúcar no fundo, acendeu uma boca do fogão-a-gás, entrou no quarto, murmurou, “Reginaldo, ô Reginaldo, cinco horas!”, passou à sala, murmurou, “Mirtes, ô Mirtes, cinco horas”, voltou à cozinha, encheu uma lata de milho, dirigiu-se ao terreiro, convocou as galinhas, pruuuu-ti-ti-ti, pruuuu-ti-ti-ti, meu pai tossiu... depois... o cheiro de café... Mirtes resmunga qualquer coisa... meu irmão abre a gaveta da mesinha... o cheiro de pão-na-frigideira... “friagem”... “este ano”... “pra pagar no dia”... barulho dos limpa-raios coloridos no aro da bicicleta do Reginaldo... o tamanco da Mirtes... “Bença, mãe... Bença, pai...”

RUFFATO, Luiz. Inferno provisório. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2016.

 

1. Nesse trecho narrativo, os verbos têm diferentes transitividades.

a) Copie os verbos classificando-os como transitivos e intransitivos.

b) Classifique os complementos dos verbos transitivos.

2. A primeira frase do texto: “De manhãzinha, o despertador” não é uma oração.

a) Reescreva-a empregando um verbo transitivo direto.

b) Qual é a função sintática do termo o despertador na frase reescrita? Explique.

 

Leia esta tirinha e faça as atividades 3 e 4.

 

3. Quanto à transitividade verbal e aos complementos empregados na tirinha, responda:

a) Qual é a forma verbal usada por Magali?

b) No primeiro e no segundo quadrinhos, quais são os complementos do verbo e como eles se classificam?

c) No último quadrinho, quais são os complementos e como se classificam?

4. Para compreender o humor de um texto, precisamos entender não só aquilo que é explícito, mas também seus efeitos de sentido implícitos. Considerando a última fala de Magali e a sua mudança de interlocutor, qual deve ter sido a resposta de seu pai a suas perguntas anteriores?

5. Observe a imagem abaixo. Trata-se do cartaz de um filme.

a) É possível identificar, no título, um complemento nominal. Transcreva-o.

b) Explique por que ele é classificado assim.

6. Leia este anúncio publicitário.

a) Transcreva, da frase principal do anúncio, a expressão que serve de complemento nominal a um termo.

b) A qual termo se refere e de que modo ele é classificado morfologicamente?

7.  Leia este trecho do artigo de lei:

§ 3º- As condutas e atividades consideradas lesivas ao meio ambiente sujeitarão os infratores, pessoas físicas ou jurídicas, a sanções penais e administrativas, independentemente da obrigação de reparar os danos causados.

● Qual é a função dos termos destacados no trecho? Completam o sentido de quais termos?

Solution to the Murder:

Mrs. Meyer killed her husband. She entered the bathroom while he was brushing his teeth, and she hit him over the head with the bathroom scale. Then she turned on the shower and put the soap on the floor.

How do we know this?

* From the toothbrush: He was brushing his teeth, not walking out of the shower.

* From the soap: It was not possible to slip in this position.

* From the bathroom scale: The scale does not indicate Zero.

PAST PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

1. Read the pair of statements. Decide the probable order of the events and write the numbers. Finally, combine the statements to make one sentence using because. Make changes if necessary.

MODEL: My ankle swelled up. (2nd)          I played soccer. (1st)                        

My ankle swelled up because I had played soccer.                             

 

a) His father left home earlier. (x)                He went to school on foot. (x)

b) Carmen was sad. (x)                               She failed her math test. (x)

c) We didn’t have lunch. (x)                        We were extremely hungry. (x)

d) Anthony couldn’t sleep. (x)                     He drank lots of coffee in the evening. (x)

e) Lily studied hard for the test. (x)             She thought the test was easy. (x)

2. Here are some sentences taken from books and newspapers. Complete them with from the boxes, using the past perfect progressive.

cry expect hold see sit think wait

a) She fetched herself a packet of sandwiches from the counter and then came back to where she ___.

b) My next call was to the company that ___ some of my things in storage, just to warn them that I was coming round.

c) And since her birthday, she ___ more of Dionne than she had for years

d) Olive ___ so many horrors that hearing the question she almost laughed with relief.

e) It was the music that brought me in from the hall where I ___.

f) For along long time I ___ of getting out of that awful place.

g) Exerybody was looking at me. And I simply couldn’t explain why ___.

3. Cecilia is a Mexican who has been living in the USA. Based on her life story, complete the statements by using the Past Perfect tense and the words in parentheses.

 

a) My mother and I moved to the USA in 2009. My father __________. (be there / for)

b) My father was transferred to England in 2011. He __________.  (work in the USA / since)

c) My parents divorced in 2012. They __________. (be married / for)

d) My mother quit her job as a teacher in 2014. She __________. (work as a teacher / since)

e) My mother married an American professor in 2014. She __________. (be divorced / for)

f) I married Jeff in 2018. We __________. (know each other / for)

g) My son was born in 2020. It __________.  (be one year / since)

 

4. Rewrite the sentences using the past perfect continuous and the cues given.

a) I was watching your wedding DVD when everybody arrived. (half an hour)

b) Lucy was wrting an e-mail when her friend called her. (75 minutes)

c) We were reading résumés when the manager came to my room. (10 minutes)

d) I was using my GPS receiver when I arrived at your home. (2 hours)

VIDEO: PAST PERFECT

1. a) Verbos intransitivos: levantou, entrou, voltou, dirigiu-se, tossiu e pagar. / Verbos transitivos: pegou, escancarou, abriu, encheu, depositou, pousou, acendeu, convocou, resmunga e abre.

b) São objetos diretos.

2. a) Respostas possíveis: De manhãzinha, desliguei/liguei/derrubei/ apertei o despertador.

b) O termo tem função de objeto direto, porque completa o sentido do verbo transitivo, ao qual se liga sem intermédio de preposição.

3. a) O verbo dá (dar).

b) No 1º quadrinho, o termo pipoca é objeto direto. No 2º quadrinho, os termos cachorro-quente, pizza, chocolate, pirulito e balas funcionam como objeto direto.

c) No último quadrinho, o verbo é empregado como transitivo direto e indireto. Seu objeto direto é “um aumento” e seu objeto indireto é pro “meu pai”.

4. Provavelmente, o pai de Magali respondeu que não tinha dinheiro suficiente para comprar tudo que ela pedira.

5. a) O complemento nominal é “da felicidade”.

b) É classificado assim porque completa o sentido de um substantivo com significação transitiva: procura.

6. Leia este anúncio publicitário.

a) A expressão é “de crianças e adolescentes”.

b) Refere-se ao termo exploração e é classificado como substantivo.

7.  São complementos nominais. Completam o sentido dos termos lesivas, independentemente e obrigação, respectivamente.

FUTURE FORMS

1. Complete the sentences with the future form of the verb in parentheses using will or be going to.

a) “How are you going home, Bella?”

“I ___ (walk) home”.

“Walk? But it’s a long way!”

“I haven’t got any money for the bus ticket”.

“Oh. Don’t worry. I ___ (lend) you some”.

b) “What are your vacation plans?”

“My friends and I ___ (go) camping on the Scottish Highlands”.

c) “Look. A bird just flew into the house!”

“Really? Open all the windows. I ___ (try) to make it fly out”.

d) Look at that car. It’s moving too fast. It ___ (cause) an accident.

e) I firmly believe that in the future people ___ (not; need) to stay in hospitals when they’re sick. They ___ (be) medicated at home.

f) There’s nothing good on TV. I ___ (turn) it off and go to bed.

 

2. Complete the dialogue below with the correct form of the Present Progressive or the Simple Present expressing future.

John: “___ (you; play) cards with your parents tonight, as you always do on Thursdays?”

Andy: “No, I can’t play tonight. My sister ___ (come) back from Europe and I ___ (pick) her up at the airport. Her plane ___ (arrive) at 7 o’clock. Hey, do you want to go with me?”

John: “I can’t. I ___ (go) to a movie theater with Stella. The movie ___ (start) at 6:30 p.m.”

 

3. Complete the sentences correctly.

a) We can see that the thief

(x) will be caught.

(x) is robbing a woman.

(x) is protecting the policeman.

(x) is going to go to jail.

(x) works with a gang.

 

b) A witness is swearing on the Bible before his testimony. He promises that he

(x) is going to tell the truth.

(x) always tells the truth.

(x) is telling the truth.

(x) has told the truth.

(x) will tell the truth.

 

c) A marriage proposal usually involves the question, “Will you marry me?”. A question that means the same is

(x) “Are you planning to marry me?”

(x) “Do you want to marry me?”

(x) “Should you marry me?”

(x) “Can you marry me?”

(x) “Do you marry me?”

 

d) What can we say for sure about the concert next December 12?

(x) It will feature great rock bands.

(x) It will happen in the morning.

(x) It requires formal clothing.

(x) Entrance starts at 5 p.m.

(x) There will be no seats.

 

4. Complete each sentence using a verb in the future with will, be going to, present progressive or the simple present form of the verb in parentheses. Each form will be used only once.

a) “I need to buy a tennis racket.”

“Oh, really? Wait, I ___ (give) you mine. I can’t play tennis anymore.”

b) There’s a great movie on TV tonight. Do you want to watch it with me? It ___ (start) at 8:30.”

c) Don’t call me tonight. I ___ (go) to bed early. I have an important test in the morning.

d) “Have you made plans for the holidays?”

“Yes. We have reserved a room at a hotel in Bonito, MS.

We ___ (stay) there until the end of July.”

CHANGE OF HABITS

 

1. Mark the best option to complete the sentences.

a) Japanese TV shows are not something new. In the 70’s, kids ___ National Kid, a funny superhero who had a secret identity as a schoolteacher.

(x) used to watch

(x) was watching

(x) watch

(x) did watched

(x) usually watch

b) My father ___ a cassette tape with songs that he repeated over and over in the car. I ___ him to play something else, but he ___ they were “classics”. It was very annoying.

(x) have – used to ask – didn’t use to say

(x) would have – asked – used to say

(x) did he have – did ask – would say

(x) used to have – used to ask – said

(x) did he use to have – ask – used to say

c) Who ___ your favorite character in How I Met Your Mother?

(x) were

(x) used to be

(x) would they be

(x) didn’t it use to be

(x) did you use to be

d) I learned to drive in a manual-shift car, but I soon ___ an automatic one.

(x) used to driving

(x) am used to drive

(x) was used driving

(x) got used to driving

(x) get accustomed to drive

e) Are you ___ a suit and tie to work?

( ) used to wear

( ) used to wearing

( ) get used to wearing

( ) accustomed to wear

(x) get accustomed to wear

f) ___ living in São Paulo?

(x) Did you use to

(x) Are you use to

(x) Did you get used

(x) Do you accustomed to

(x) Are you getting used to

g) Minecraft ___ my favorite video game, but now I can’t stop playing Fortnite.

(x) used to be

(x) was used to be

(x) got used to being

(x) is used to be

(x) would be

h) I can’t ___ being called “Doctor”. It’s something new for me.

(x) used to

(x) get used to

(x) was used to

(x) accustomed to

(x) getting used to

 

2. Underline the correct verb form.

a) It’s been years since I last saw Carla Franks. When we were kids, Carla and I are used to being /used to be the best of friends.

b) When I was in high school, I was getting used to studying /used to study only the day before exams. It got me in trouble many times.

c) Isn’t that the house where you used to live /got used to living before you moved?

d) It took me years to get used to /used to working at night. But now I am used to /get used to sleeping during the day.

e) As my father was used to saying / used to say, “Life only gives you back what you put in it.”

f) When I get used to /used to living in Chicago, I will invite you to stay with me for a few days.

 

3. Complete the sentences with the correct alternatives.

1. We ___ in Detroit, but now we are back in Monroe.

a) used to live

b) are used to living

c) get used to living

2. I ___ my old job’s tight schedule, so I had to quit.

a) didn’t used to

b) didn’t get used to

c) used to

3. I don’t know when they will ___ on time. They are late every class.

a) used to arrive

b) are used to arriving

c) get used to arriving

4. I ___ English books when I was in college.

a) got used to

b) didn’t use to

c) am used to

5. They ___ us twice a month when we lived near them.

a) are used to visiting

b) used to visit

c) will get used to visiting

6. I ___ away from my family, so I think I won’t adapt.

a) didn’t use to

b) am not used to working

c) get used to working

1.

a) am going to walk – will end

b) are going/are going to go

c) will try

d) is going to cause

e) won’t need/aren’t going to need – will be/are going to be

f) will turn

2. are you playing

is coming

am picking

arrives

am going

starts

3.

a) is going to go to jail.

b) will tell the truth.

c) “Do you want to marry me?”

d) Entrance starts at 5 p.m.

4.

a) will give

b) starts

c) am going/ am going to go

d) are going to stay / are staying

ANTÍGONA, A REBELDE: INTRODUÇÃO À OBRA